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529 Plan Comparison by State: Tax Benefits, Fees, and Ratings for 2026

Compare all 50 state 529 plans and D.C. side by side. Tax benefit type, deduction limits, expense ratios, Morningstar ratings, and maximum balances in one table.

Updated April 2026. (*) = state allows deduction for any state's plan.

Your state's plan may save you thousands in taxes each year, or it may cost you thousands in excessive fees. The difference between Indiana's 20% tax credit and California's zero deduction can exceed $27,000 over 18 years of contributions. The fee gap between Utah my529 (0.10%) and a high-cost advisor-sold plan (1.50%) on a $200,000 balance is $2,800 per year. Before picking a plan, run the math for your state.

Best: Tax Credits

Indiana (20% credit, $1,500/yr), Utah (5% credit, no limit), Vermont (10% credit)

Strong: Unlimited Deductions

Colorado, New Mexico, South Carolina, West Virginia. Deduct your full annual contribution.

Weakest: No Deduction

California, Delaware, Hawaii, Kentucky, New Jersey, North Carolina. Go out-of-state for lowest fees.

Full 50-State 529 Comparison Table

StatePlan NameTax BenefitMax DeductionExp. RatioRatingMax Balance
AlabamaCollegeCounts 529Deduction$5,000/$10,0000.25-0.90%B$475,000
AlaskaT. Rowe Price College SavingsNo income taxN/A0.42%A$400,000
ArizonaArizona Family College SavingsDeduction*$2,000/$4,0000.20-0.50%B$531,000
ArkansasiShares 529 PlanDeduction*$5,000/$10,0000.18%A$366,000
CaliforniaScholarShare 529None$00.08-0.68%A$529,000
ColoradoCollegeInvest DirectUnlimited deductionUnlimited0.25%A+$500,000
ConnecticutCHET DirectDeduction$5,000/$10,0000.20-0.90%B$550,000
DelawareDelaware College InvestmentNone$00.19%B$500,000
FloridaFlorida 529 Savings PlanNo income taxN/A0.22%A$418,000
GeorgiaPath2College 529Deduction$4,000/$8,0000.25%B$235,000
HawaiiHI529None$00.50%C$305,000
IdahoIDealDeduction$6,000/$12,0000.37%A$500,000
IllinoisBright Start DirectDeduction$10,000/$20,0000.11-0.57%A+$500,000
IndianaCollegeChoice 52920% tax credit$1,500 credit0.14%A+$450,000
IowaCollege Savings IowaDeduction$3,785/beneficiary0.20%A$420,000
KansasLearning QuestDeduction*$3,000/$6,0000.31%B$435,000
KentuckyKY Saves 529None$00.27%B$350,000
LouisianaSTART SavingDeduction$2,400/$4,8000.00%B$500,000
MaineNextGen 529None*$00.55%B$500,000
MarylandMaryland College InvestmentDeduction$2,500/account0.20%C$500,000
MassachusettsMEFA U.FundDeduction$1,000/$2,0000.24%C$500,000
MichiganMI 529 Advisor PlanDeduction$5,000/$10,0000.10-0.50%A$500,000
MinnesotaMinnesota College SavingsCredit or deduction*$3,000 credit0.10-0.40%A$425,000
MississippiMPACT / MACSDeduction$10,000/$20,0000.25%A+$235,000
MissouriMOST 529Deduction*$8,000/$16,0000.20%A+$550,000
MontanaAchieve MontanaDeduction*$3,000/$6,0000.50%B$396,000
NebraskaNEST Direct College SavingsDeduction$10,000/taxpayer0.10%A+$500,000
NevadaVanguard 529 / USAANo income taxN/A0.14%A+$500,000
New HampshireUNIQUE College InvestingNo income taxN/A0.11%A+$569,123
New JerseyFranklin Templeton 529None$00.50%C$305,000
New MexicoThe Education PlanUnlimited deductionUnlimited0.25%A+$500,000
New YorkNY 529 Direct PlanDeduction$5,000/$10,0000.11%A+$520,000
North CarolinaNC 529None$00.25%B$500,000
North DakotaCollege SAVEDeduction$5,000/$10,0000.50%B$269,000
OhioCollegeAdvantage DirectDeduction*$4,000/beneficiary0.16%A+$517,000
OklahomaOklahoma 529Deduction$10,000/$20,0000.40%A+$500,000
OregonOregon College SavingsCredit or deduction$300 credit0.20%B$400,000
PennsylvaniaPA 529 Investment PlanDeduction*$16,000/beneficiary0.23%A+$511,758
Rhode IslandCollegeBound SaverDeduction$500/$1,0000.50%C$520,000
South CarolinaFuture ScholarUnlimited deductionUnlimited0.25%A+$540,000
South DakotaCollegeAccess 529No income taxN/A0.50%B$350,000
TennesseeTNStarsNo income taxN/A0.20%A$350,000
TexasTexas College Savings PlanNo income taxN/A0.59%A$500,000
Utahmy5295% credit (no limit)Unlimited0.10%A+$566,000
VermontVermont Higher Education10% credit$350 credit0.35%B$550,000
VirginiaInvest529Deduction$4,000/account0.10%A+$550,000
WashingtonDreamAhead College SavingsNo income taxN/A0.38%A$500,000
West VirginiaSMART529 SelectUnlimited deductionUnlimited0.25%A+$400,000
WisconsinEdvest 529Deduction$3,860/beneficiary0.12%A$567,500
WyomingWyoming College SavingsNo income taxN/A0.35%B$400,000
Washington D.C.DC College Savings PlanDeduction$4,000/$8,0000.40%B$500,000

Sources: Morningstar 2026 529 plan ratings, SavingForCollege.com, individual state plan documents. Expense ratios reflect direct-sold plan ranges.

9 States That Allow Any-State Deductions

Residents of these states can deduct contributions to any state's 529 plan, giving full flexibility to choose the lowest-fee option without sacrificing state tax benefits:

ArizonaArkansasKansasMaineMinnesotaMissouriMontanaOhioPennsylvania

Pennsylvania residents can invest in Utah my529 (0.10% expense ratio) while claiming the $16,000 per beneficiary state deduction. This is the optimal strategy for Pennsylvania families: lowest fees available nationally, full state tax benefit.

Best Plans for Non-Residents

Utah my529

A+

Utah

0.10%

Most customizable. Vanguard, DFA, Dimensional fund access. Best for active portfolio builders.

Vanguard 529 (Nevada)

A+

Nevada

0.14%

Pure Vanguard index fund portfolio. Simple three-fund investing. Managed by Ascensus.

NY 529 Direct

A+

New York

0.11%

Vanguard funds. $5,000/$10,000 deduction for NY residents. $520,000 maximum balance.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I invest in another state's 529 plan?+
Yes. Any U.S. resident can invest in any state's 529 plan, regardless of where the beneficiary plans to attend college. Most states do not require you to use their plan. The only consideration is state tax deductions, which typically require contributing to your home state's plan. However, 9 states allow deductions for contributions to any state's plan: Arizona, Arkansas, Kansas, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Residents of these states can invest in the lowest-fee plan available while still claiming their state deduction.
Do I lose my state tax deduction if I move?+
When you move states, your existing 529 contributions stay in your account and keep their federal tax benefits. Future contributions may no longer qualify for your new state's deduction depending on whether your new state requires use of their in-state plan. Some states only allow deductions for contributions to their specific plan. If you move from Illinois to California, future contributions lose state tax benefits but keep federal tax-free growth. If you move to Indiana, your future contributions in an Indiana plan will qualify for the 20% credit.
Which state has the lowest 529 fees?+
Utah's my529 plan consistently ranks among the lowest-fee 529 plans with expense ratios starting at 0.10%. Nevada's Vanguard 529 College Savings Plan offers Vanguard index funds at similarly low costs. New York's 529 College Savings Program Direct Plan has expense ratios around 0.11%. For non-residents choosing a plan purely on fees, Utah, Nevada, and New York are the standard top picks. Advisor-sold plans typically charge 0.50% to 1.50% more in annual fees due to commission structures.